This article is based on an innovative research project with academics, software developers, and organizational pilot sites to design and develop elearning software for an emergency response simulation with supporting collaborative tools. In particular, this article focuses on the research that the author has conducted to provide the theoretical foundations for the project. After discussing the unique characteristics of the SIMergency project, the author provides a critical applied analysis of learning principles directly related to simulation and gaming; stresses the importance of balancing virtual methods with face-to-face interaction; and examines design principles that place learning before technology in an emergency response organizational context. This research, although concentrating on paramedics and firefighters, is transferable to other organizations, and it highlights the importance of collaborative learning. It also emphasizes the crucial use of simulations based on real life for preparing people to deal with stressful and challenging situations in their work. © 2008 Sage Publications.
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