This article conducts a bibliometric analysis on gender disparities in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), with a particular focus on Engineering. Despite the increase in graduation rates among women, their representation in these fields remains low. The research examines the most relevant scientific contributions published between 2015 and 2023 on women’s participation in STEM, based on an analysis of the 200 most cited articles. The analysis was conducted in two main phases: content analysis and network analysis. In the content analysis, key trends and challenges faced by women in STEM and Engineering were identified, with emphasis on education, inclusion, diversity in the professional environment, gender inequality, and career support policies. The network analysis, conducted using the VoSviewer software, revealed clusters of relevant keywords such as “gender equality,” “women in STEM,” and “diversity,” allowing the identification of priority areas for future research and interventions. The results point to the need for interdisciplinary approaches to overcome the structural and cultural barriers that still limit women’s participation in these fields. The analysis revealed that adapting educational practices, professional support policies, and mentoring programs are essential to improve the retention and success of women in STEM. The research also highlighted the importance of addressing racial and gender inequalities, suggesting that public policies and institutional actions need to be more effective in promoting equity. The study concludes that, to foster greater diversity and inclusion in STEM, ongoing collaboration between academia, institutions, and governments is essential. © 2025 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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