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The Perceptions of Interns Towards Government Agricultural Internship (Graduates' Programme) in Mpumalanga Province

Article Open Access
This paper aims to present the perceptions of interns who have been participating in a postgraduate government internship programme of the Department of Agriculture in Mpumalanga province. Internships have become a prevalent phenomenon among graduates of institutions of higher learning. Internships are the knowledge centre and network platform that offers practical experience to graduates or interns. Moreover, internships are pivotal in improving interns' employability and employment. The problem tackled in the study is that graduates are not appointed due to a lack of practical experience. This study analysed the internship-graduate programme of 73 interns out of 104 from three districts (Ehlanzeni, Gert Sibande and Nkangala). Self-administered questionnaires were posted to the interns (due to COVID-19) who were still in the internship programme. The findings are that out of 35 statements given, 19 were negative, and 16 were positive about internships. The study concluded that the internships were related to the government agricultural internship programme (graduates' programme). The paper recommended improvement in the activities of four stakeholders that play a part in the internship programme, namely the project manager, the human resource office, the extension officers and the farmers. © 2025, South African Society for Agricultural Extension (SASAE). All rights reserved.
This paper aims to present the perceptions of interns who have been participating in a postgraduate government internship programme of the Department of Agriculture in Mpumalanga province. Internships have become a prevalent phenomenon among graduates of institutions of higher Keywords:

Exploring effective strategies for teaching STEM electricity and magnetism in electrical engineering education a focus on vocational schools in Indonesia

Conference paper
This research paper investigates effective strategies for teaching Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), specifically emphasizing electricity and magnetism, in the context of electrical engineering education within vocational schools in Indonesia. The study aims to address the challenges faced by educators in delivering these essential concepts and identify innovative approaches to enhance student learning outcomes. STEM education plays a vital role in fostering critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity among students, preparing them for careers in various fields, including electrical engineering. However, teaching complex subjects like electricity and magnetism demands effective pedagogical methods that bridge theoretical knowledge with real-world applications. This research explores the current practices of vocational schools in Indonesia, investigating the extent to which hands-on learning experiences are integrated into the curriculum to develop practical skills. Using a mixed-methods approach, qualitative data is collected through interviews with educators and industry professionals, while quantitative data is gathered through surveys or questionnaires. The research uncovers effective teaching strategies that promote active student engagement, such as interactive demonstrations, real-world case studies, laboratory experiments, and project-based learning. The outcomes of this research contribute to the advancement of STEM education in vocational schools, particularly in the domain of electrical engineering. By exploring and implementing effective teaching strategies, educators can cultivate a skilled workforce that meets the demands of the rapidly evolving technology sector, fostering innovation and sustainable growth in Indonesia. © 2025 Author(s).
This research paper investigates effective strategies for teaching Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), specifically emphasizing electricity and magnetism, in the context of electrical engineering education within vocational schools in Indonesia. The study aims to address the ch …

INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INTO CURRICULUM DESIGN: STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING TEACHING METHODS IN PRIMARY EDUCATION

Article
This study addressed the limited adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in primary education, focusing on its integration into curriculum design and its impact on teaching methods. A survey was conducted among 150 male and female primary school teachers in Basra, Iraq, using a specially designed questionnaire. The analysis revealed a positive acceptance from teachers regarding AI's potential to enhance educational design, especially in content creation and providing personalized learning experiences, aligning well with constructivist and cognitive approaches. However, the study also highlighted significant barriers to widespread adoption, such as the urgent need for specialized training programs for teachers and the necessity of fostering a deeper understanding of the ethical implications of using AI tools in the educational environment. This underscores the importance of providing structured support and clear guidelines to enable the effective utilization of this technology in primary education. Thus, successful and widespread integration of AI will require targeted professional development and the establishment of clear ethical frameworks to overcome existing challenges. © 2025, Cises srl. All rights reserved.
This study addressed the limited adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in primary education, focusing on its integration into curriculum design and its impact on teaching methods. A survey was conducted among 150 male and female primary school teachers in Basra, Iraq, using a specially designed q …

Modern Digital Approaches to Training Music Teachers: Evolution from Classical to Interactive

Article Open Access
This article explores the integration of digital technologies in the training of music teachers for general secondary education, emphasizing the synthesis of traditional pedagogical methods and modern interactive tools. It investigates how digitalization transforms music and pedagogical education by contributing to the development of essential competencies among future educators. The primary objective is to assess the pedagogical outcomes resulting from the incorporation of digital technologies into the professional preparation of music teachers for work in secondary education institutions. The research employs a structural-functional approach, utilizing pedagogical observation, content analysis of curricula and educational platforms, and comparative analysis of digital tools' functionalities. The study confirms the effectiveness of implementing adaptive digital learning environments tailored to the evolving educational trajectories of music teachers. It proposes a step-by-step model for integrating specialized software into professional training, enhancing auditory, rhythmic, and musical skills. The article also outlines pedagogical strategies and interventions aimed at improving proficiency with artificial intelligence tools in music education, including modeling, neuroanalysis, and visual approximation. Furthermore, it identifies key didactic elements essential to developing arranging competencies through the use of digital synthesizers, multitrack editing, and mixing programs, tools that significantly enhance the quality of hands-on teacher training. Future research should focus on comparative evaluations of digital platforms, the design of optimal blended learning models, and the refinement of instructional methods for effectively incorporating AI tools into music pedagogy. © 2025 by the authors.
This article explores the integration of digital technologies in the training of music teachers for general secondary education, emphasizing the synthesis of traditional pedagogical methods and modern interactive tools. It investigates how digitalization transforms music and pedagogical education by …

Educational and research utility of the registrar clinical encounters in training (ReCEnT) project: an exploration of mechanisms using the context, input, process and product (CIPP) framework

Article Open Access
Background The Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training (ReCEnT) project is an Australian general practice vocational training programme with integrated and interdependent education and research functions. Trainees (registrars) contemporaneously document in-consultation clinical experience and actions. Objectives Using a realist lens, we elucidate the mechanisms underpinning project outcomes to answer questions around programme effectiveness, impacts, sustainability and the lessons and findings that are translatable to other primary care training programmes. Methods The context, input, process and product framework was used. As a means to understand the interactions between each of the interdependent components, it allows for inferences regarding causal mechanisms for specific outcomes. Results Context: ReCEnT occurs within an apprenticeship-like model of general practice vocational training entailing a central supervisor/apprentice relationship. ReCEnT has demystified the content and characteristics of registrar consultations. Input: multiple stakeholder involvement is both advantageous and a logistical challenge, with the programme's success dependent on registrars, practices and training providers providing detailed and accurate data, with prompt subsequent processing. Process: contemporaneous consultation data collection in different stages of training constitutes a component of registrars' programmatic assessment. Product: individualised feedback provides educational benefit through reflection. Clinical and educational research questions can be addressed with resulting research translation feeding back into the programme model and government policy. Clinical behaviour change is also evaluated. Conclusion ReCEnT is unique, globally, in its scope and longevity (2010-present). Creation of meaningful, individualised feedback facilitates reflection and provides both immediate educational benefits and the substrate for further research, programme and policy design and targeted formal teaching and learning. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025.
Background The Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training (ReCEnT) project is an Australian general practice vocational training programme with integrated and interdependent education and research functions. Trainees (registrars) contemporaneously document in-consultation clinical experience and acti …

Exploring Innovative Pedagogical Approaches to Foster Sustainability in Online learning Environments

Book chapter
This study investigates creative pedagogical techniques to promote sustainability in online learning settings. It emphasises the importance of rethinking established tactics for engaging pupils in real-world sustainability concerns. The research focuses on strategies such as problem-based learning (PBL), project-based learning, and collaborative learning that improve critical thinking, problem-solving, and life skills. These techniques position students as engaged learners, encouraging a greater knowledge of sustainability. The challenges of student disengagement and outmoded technologies in online education are addressed by suggesting dynamic instructional approaches and interactive tools. The study also emphasises the need of assessment methodologies that go beyond standard testing, such as sustainability awareness, understanding, and community participation. Finally, the study emphasises the responsibility of higher education institutions to implement best practices. © 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.
This study investigates creative pedagogical techniques to promote sustainability in online learning settings. It emphasises the importance of rethinking established tactics for engaging pupils in real-world sustainability concerns. The research focuses on strat …

The UAE's Educational Change: Developing an Effective Teacher Education System

Book chapter
The teacher education reform initiative is an integral part of the UAE's national educational strategy for promoting an advanced educational system in the country. Recognizing that a quality-based and resilient teaching system is essential for students' successful careers has led the country to implement rigorous policies and training frameworks to ensure that the teaching faculty is well-prepared, properly licensed, and professionally developed. This chapter explores key reforms needed to build an internationally cutting-edge system of education encompassing training programs and their delivery to UAE teachers based on competency levels, the integration of digital learning, and global collaboration. This chapter examines key challenges, including teacher hiring, retention, and training gaps, and proposes pragmatic solutions aligned with the UAE Vision 2030. © 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.
The teacher education reform initiative is an integral part of the UAE's national educational strategy for promoting an advanced educational system in the country. Recognizing that a quality-based and resilient teaching system is essential for students' successful careers has led the country to impl …

The Failure of Competence-Based Education and the Demand for Bildung

Book
This book contrasts two prominent models of education, Competence-Based Education (CBE) which is the dominant model in most school systems of the world, and Bildung-Oriented Education (BOE), once the basis of school systems of Northern Europe. CBE interprets learning as the acquisition of clearly definable and allegedly measurable competences, and it is supported by supranational organisations, such as the OECD. BOE characterises learning holistically, aimed at the progressive articulation of a meaningful 'big picture' in the student's mind. Moretti and Marabini argue that, in spite of its celebrated 'scientificity', CBE is incoherent and unreliable, and contributes to structural forms of oppression and injustice, fosters social pathologies, and fails to provide students with the kind of intellectual autonomy they need in our complex post-industrial societies. They defend BOE from objections made by critical theorists, poststructuralists and postcolonial thinkers, and argue that it is a coherent and flexible model of education that endows students with autonomy and responsibility, and can help heal social pathologies. The book builds analytical bridges and explores connections between philosophy of education and important issues currently debated in critical theory, political philosophy and social epistemology. © Luca Moretti and Alessia Marabini, 2025. All rights reserved.
This book contrasts two prominent models of education, Competence-Based Education (CBE) which is the dominant model in most school systems of the world, and Bildung-Oriented Education (BOE), once the basis of school systems of Northern Europe. CBE interprets learning

Foreign Language Education Under Global Neoliberalism

Book
Foreign language education is shaped by global neoliberalism, which prioritizes market-driven values like competition, individualism, and economic efficiency. In this context, language learning is often framed as a tool to enhance employability, mobility, and global competitiveness. Educational policies and curricula shift, emphasizing utilitarian outcomes and performance metrics over holistic or humanistic approaches. While this shift expands access for language learning, it also raises concerns about the commodification of language, the marginalization of less "marketable" languages, and the erosion of deeper intercultural understanding. Further exploration may reveal the long-term impacts of language learning and development under neoliberalist policies and ideals. Foreign Language Education Under Global Neoliberalism explores how global neoliberal policies influence the purpose, structure, and delivery of foreign language education, prioritizing economic utility over cultural or educational values. It examines the implications of this shift, including the commodification of language skills, the dominance of certain languages, and the impact on educational equity and cultural diversity. This book covers topics such as global business, international relations, and political science, and is a useful resource for government officials, educators, academicians, researchers, and political scientists. © 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.
Foreign language education is shaped by global neoliberalism, which prioritizes market-driven values like competition, individualism, and economic efficiency. In this context, language learning is often framed as a tool to enhance employability, mobility, and gl …

Co-Operation Between Actors in Dual Training Programmes: Conditions for Success in the Mexican Tourism Sector

Article Open Access
Context: For many years, dual training programmes have been transferred from German speaking countries to other countries. It has been repeatedly pointed out that this transfer is made particularly difficult by the need for co-operation between numerous different stakeholders. Despite various transfer activities, however, the scientific findings on the topic to date are rather limited. Approach: This study therefore identifies and discusses the principles for successful cooperation in the Mexican vocational training system in the tourism sector. Two research questions are addressed, the first following a deductive research approach and the second an inductive one: 1) Which of the principles for successful co-operation named in the research literature can also be found in Mexico? 2) Which other or further principles are relevant in the Mexican context? The tourism sector in Mexico is especially suitable as an object of investigation as, over a number of years there has been an intensive implementation of dual training structures here. Based on 70 expert interviews with the various stakeholders in three regions of Mexico, principles for successful co-operation were developed. Findings: The findings show that a large number of interacting principles are necessary for successful co-operation between the players. A total of 18 principles were identified in the categories of relationships, control efforts and embedding. Seven of these principles had not been explicitly identified in the existing scientific literature. Some examples of the new principles identified are: Regarding the "relationships" category, the findings identified the identification and selection of partners as a previously non-existent principle. The aspect of contracts at an international and national level was also recognised as an independent principle from our data, which can be assigned to the category "control". Internal security is also an important aspect for the learning centres and can be subsumed under the category of embedding. The newly generated principle of the length of the practical phases can also be categorised as embedding. Conclusions: These principles are discussed and interpreted both in the context of existing scientific approaches and specifically in the Mexican context. The work reveals the high degree of interdependence between the principles. Individual principles can therefore not be considered in isolation. The review and extension of the principles can provide important stimuli for both VET transfer research and educational governance research. © 2025, European Research Network Vocational Education and Training. All rights reserved.
Context: For many years, dual training programmes have been transferred from German speaking countries to other countries. It has been repeatedly pointed out that this transfer is made particularly difficult by the need for co-operation between numerous different stakeholders. Despite various transf …